This essential course provides a deep dive into the fundamental principles and legal frameworks governing land use planning. It covers the core tools, such as zoning, subdivision regulations, and comprehensive plans, used to guide development and manage growth. Participants will learn how to balance competing demands for land while promoting public health, safety, and general welfare. The course emphasizes the integration of environmental, economic, and social considerations into effective land use decision-making.
Land Use Planning Principles
Urban Planning and Development
October 25, 2025
Introduction
Objectives
The primary goal of this course is to equip participants with the knowledge and skills necessary to apply sound land use planning principles. Upon completion, participants will be able to:
Target Audience
- Urban and Regional Planners
- Zoning and Code Enforcement Officials
- Real Estate Developers and Attorneys
- Land Surveyors and Civil Engineers
- Members of Planning Commissions and Boards of Adjustment
- Municipal Managers and Policy Analysts
- Environmental Consultants
Methodology
- Case Studies of zoning and subdivision appeals (legal precedents)
- Group Activities: Drafting a land use ordinance amendment
- Role-playing scenarios: Presenting a controversial project to a Planning Commission
- Individual Exercises: Analyzing a local comprehensive plan and identifying inconsistencies
- GIS mapping demonstrations of land use patterns and suitability analysis
- Expert discussions on current legal challenges in land use law
Personal Impact
- Master the legal and technical tools of land use regulation
- Improve critical thinking about the ethical dimensions of land use decisions
- Enhance ability to navigate complex development review processes
- Gain expertise in advanced zoning techniques like Form-Based Codes
- Develop effective public presentation and communication skills
- Reduce personal exposure to legal risk through informed decision-making
Organizational Impact
- Reduce regulatory risk and litigation through legally sound policies
- Accelerate the development review process with clearer standards
- Ensure private development aligns with long-term community planning goals
- Promote sustainable development patterns and infrastructure efficiency
- Increase public trust through transparent and consistent land use decisions
- Better manage natural resources and hazard mitigation through zoning
Course Outline
Unit 1: Foundations of Land Use Control
The Legal Basis of Planning- The police power and the constitutional basis for land use regulation
- Understanding the Standard State Zoning Enabling Act and Subdivision Enabling Act
- The concept of "taking" (eminent domain) and just compensation
- Land use litigation: key court cases and legal precedents
- The relationship between the comprehensive plan and zoning ordinance
- Ethical and equity considerations in regulatory decisions
- Purpose, scope, and components of a comprehensive or master plan
- Methods for conducting land use inventories and demographic projections
- Translating community vision into long-range spatial policies
- Integrating transportation, housing, and infrastructure elements
- The process of plan adoption, amendment, and periodic review
- Measuring and monitoring comprehensive plan effectiveness
Unit 2: Traditional Land Use Tools
Zoning Ordinances- Structure and components of a standard Euclidean zoning ordinance
- Use districts, dimensional standards, and performance standards
- Special exceptions, conditional use permits, and variances
- The process of zoning amendments and rezoning applications
- Addressing nonconforming uses and vested rights
- Critiques of traditional zoning and its role in segregation
- Purpose and content of subdivision and land development ordinances
- Reviewing plat maps, engineering drawings, and required improvements
- Design standards for streets, blocks, and utility infrastructure
- Exactions, impact fees, and dedication requirements for public facilities
- The process of preliminary and final plat approval
- Addressing lot layout, density, and open space provision
Unit 3: Advanced Land Use Techniques
Flexible Zoning Tools- Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) and their regulatory framework
- Incentive Zoning: density bonuses and public benefit trade-offs
- Floating zones and overlay zones (e.g., historic, flood zone)
- Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) and preserving sensitive lands
- Performance Zoning and regulating impact instead of use
- Form-Based Codes: prioritizing physical form over land use type
Unit 4: Land Use and Environmental Management
Growth Management Strategies- Defining growth management and its policy goals
- Establishing Urban Growth Boundaries (UGBs) and their economic impact
- Adequate Public Facilities (APF) ordinances and phasing development
- Economics of compact development and Smart Growth principles
- Concurrency requirements and ensuring infrastructure capacity
- The politics and effectiveness of managed growth approaches
- Integrating natural hazard mitigation into land use (e.g., floodplains)
- Wetlands protection and regulation under land use law
- Steep slope and hillside development controls
- The role of Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) in land use decisions
- Planning for open space, habitat, and green infrastructure networks
- Water quality protection through low-impact development (LID) zoning
Unit 5: Implementation and Administration
Policy Implementation- The role of the planner in managing the development review process
- Effective methods for conducting public hearings and community meetings
- Techniques for monitoring compliance and code enforcement
- Managing relationships between the planning commission, council, and public
- The use of capital improvement programming (CIP) to implement land use
- Measuring the outcomes and effectiveness of land use policy
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