Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to:

• Differentiate between and explain the purpose, scope, and level of detail in PFDs versus P&IDs.
• Accurately identify and interpret all standard graphic symbols for process equipment (e.g., pumps, vessels, heat exchangers).
• Decode the tagging system and symbols for all primary field and control room instrumentation.
• Trace and analyze complex fluid and utility streams, including line numbering and specification conventions.
• Locate and understand safety-critical devices such as PSVs, interlocks, and shutdown valves on diagrams.
• Identify control valve types, fail actions, and the logic of simple and complex control loops.
• Apply ISA standards (S5.1) and other industry conventions to interpret any P&ID.
• Utilize P&IDs effectively for operational troubleshooting, maintenance planning, and hazard reviews.
• Identify basic mechanical and piping components like flanges, vents, drains, and special fittings.

• Field Operators and Supervisors
• Maintenance and Reliability Technicians
• Instrumentation and Control Engineers
• Process Engineers and Design Reviewers
• Safety and Loss Prevention Professionals (HAZOP teams)
• New Engineers and Project Team Members
• HSE and Technical Documentation Staff

• Group activities on interpreting full-scale industrial P&IDs from various facilities.
• Individual exercises in tracing process streams, control loops, and equipment trains.
• Scenario-based troubleshooting where diagrams are used to diagnose a problem.
• Interactive quizzes focused on ISA tagging and equipment symbology.
• Discussions on best practices for marking up and managing P&ID red-lining.

Unit 1: Fundamentals of Process Drawings

• The purpose, scope, and level of detail in PFDs
• The definition and critical importance of P&IDs for plant operations
• Standard industry conventions, drawing legends, and revision control
• Understanding basic process flow and mass balance representation

Unit 2: Equipment Symbology

• Interpreting symbols for pumps, compressors, and blowers
• Vessels, tanks, storage spheres, and reactors symbols
• Heat exchangers (shell-and-tube, plate), coolers, and furnaces
• Identifying filters, strainers, columns, and other separation devices

Unit 3: Piping and Mechanical Conventions

• Decoding pipe line numbering and tagging conventions (size, fluid, specification)
• Identifying various pipe types (e.g., process, utility, drain, vent)
• Symbols for valves: block, globe, check, control, and specialty valves
• Understanding flanges, vents, drains, expansion joints, and pipe supports

Unit 4: Instrumentation Symbology and Tagging

• Decoding the ISA S5.1 instrument identification codes (first and succeeding letters)
• Symbols for field-mounted, control-room-mounted, and local panel instruments
• Identifying primary elements, transmitters, transducers, and indicators
• Differentiation of signal lines (pneumatic, electrical, capillary, DCS link)

Unit 5: Control Loop Analysis

• Tracing and understanding simple feedback and feedforward control loops
• Identifying final control elements (control valves) and their fail-safe actions
• Analyzing the logic of complex loops (cascade, ratio, split-range control)
• Symbols for alarms, interlocks, and safety instrumented systems (SIS)

Unit 6: Safety and Utility Systems

• Identifying and understanding Pressure Safety Valves (PSVs) and Relief Valves (PRVs)
• Symbols for rupture discs, thermal relief valves, and emergency isolation valves
• Tracing utility lines (e.g., air, nitrogen, steam) and tie-in points
• Interpreting drains, flares, and environmental control system symbols